How to preserve wood: Different types and sizes of wood need to be stored in different ways. Wood cannot be preserved in the same way that raw wood can be stored. It is easy to preserve wood from its dry state to its raw state. Again some wood cannot be stored in the normal way. Again, it may be necessary to save the wood in different ways to vary the space or field of use.
Table of Contents
How to preserve wood
The 4 basic methods of wood preservation are-
- Pressure process (Empty-cell process, Full-cell process)
- Non-pressure process
- Surface treatment process
- Dipping process
1. Pressure process of wood preservation:
This is a very effective method of applying preservatives. Applying preservatives in this way gives special benefits. After some initial refinement is completed, the preservative is inserted into the timber cell under pressure. This work can be done in two ways. E.g.
i. Empty-cell process, ii. Full-cell process
i. Full cell process:
The full process should be done carefully. Step by step full-cell process is given below-
- You should fill the timber cells completely to the preservative in this method.
- Load the dried timber on a trolley and placed inside the cylinder.
- Keep the trolley inside a specially made ball cylinder.
- Place the trolley on a specially made ball bearing.
- Push and enter the trolley into the cylinder (made of steel).
- Airtight and locked the cylinder’s door completely after entering the trolley.
- Create an air vacuum in the cylinder with the help of an air exhaust pump connected to the cylinder. This also creates air vacuum in the timber cells.
- Heat the preservative to a temperature of 2100 Fahrenheit after creating an air vacuum.
- Apply to the preservative inside of the cylinder at a pressure of 8.75-14 kg per square centimeter for a specified period of time.
- Maintain the pressure until the timber absorbs the preservative.
- Remove the preservative from the pressure-free cylinder.
- Open the cylinder door after some time.
- Remove the timber from the trolley.
This method is quite useful for applying chemical preservatives in water. However, it conserves more resources and many people think that the use of conservation in this way is not economically reasonable.
ii. Empty cell process: (Very advantageous)
In this method, when the preservative is applied to the tissue, the cells of the timber are not fully filled and only create a thin membrane on the cell surface. Step by step empty-cell process is given below-
- Load the dried timber in the trolley and place it in the cylinder.
- Close the cylinder’s door to make airtight condition.
- Create 3.5-6 kg of air pressure per square centimeter inside the cylinder. As a result, the cell cavity of the timber is filled with air.
- Apply the heated preservative inside the cylinder at a pressure of 14 kg per centimeter. As a result, the preservative enters the timber cell rapidly.
- Remove the external pressure after inserting the preservative into the cell. As a result, the closed and infected air expands and expels a large number of preservative cells from the inside, and due to a partial vacuum, some of the preservative cells are comes out.
This method usually requires one-third of the preservative to be half of the full-cell system. This method is advantageous in national conservation and also economically beneficial.
2. Non pressure process: (Rare method)
It is a very rare process in application of preservatives. Step by step non-pressure process is given below-
- Dip the timber into a preservative-filled tank.
- Raise the temperature of the preservative about 2000 Fahrenheit.
- Cellular air expansion occurs due to the heat of the preservative.
- Allow the tank to be cool.
The result is air compression and occurs percolation of preservatives.
3. Surface treatment process:
Step by step surface treatment process is given below-
- Heat the preservatives to reduces their viscosity and to reach a slight thickness on the surface of the tissue.
- Coat the timber’s surface lightly in 3 or 4 layers with the help of a color preservative brush.
- Sometimes you can spray the preservative on the surface of the tissue instead of using brush. Care must be taken while spraying.
This method is very useful in cases where preservatives are applied every 3-4 years.
4. Dipping process: (Low cost method)
In this wood preservation method, the timber is immersed in the preservative for a few minutes. This method is used to protect the underside of poles, poles, etc., from fungi and insects. Although this method’s cost is very low, it is much better than the surface treatment method.
In all of the above cases, the preservative has to be used after making the timber workable. Remember that once you change the shape of the timber, you have to re-apply the preservative.
Besides, the wooden post, pole, etc., buried under the ground should be burned at the same depth (10 mm) in the plane on all sides. As a result, coal is produced in this place, and fungi or termites are not infected in this burnt place. Such a preservative is called charing.
